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Soil pollution is defined as the build-up in soils of persistent toxic compounds, chemicals, salts, radioactive materials, or disease causing agents, which have adverse effects on plant growth and animal health. Land pollution occurs massively during earth quakes, land slides, hurricanes and floods. All cause hard to clean mess, which is expensive to clean, and sometimes take years to restore the affected area. These kinds of natural disasters are not only a problem in that they cause pollution but also because they leave many victims homeless. After the World War II, many countries suffered from food shortage and this facilitated the introduction of fertilizers and other agricultural chemicals. Soil is a thin layer of material on the Earth’s surface in which plants have their roots. It is made up of many things, such as weathered rock and decayed plant and animal matter. college scholarships for high school seniors Soil is formed over a long period of time. Soil Formation takes place when many things interact, such as air, water, plant life, animal life, rocks, and chemicals. The formation of soil happens over a very long period of time. It can take 1000 years or more. Soil is formed from the weathering of rocks and minerals. The surface rocks break down into smaller pieces through a process of weathering and is then mixed with moss and organic matter. Over time this creates a thin layer of soil. Plants help the development of the soil. The plants attract animals, and when the animals die, their bodies decay. Decaying matter makes the soil thick and rich. This continues until the soil is fully formed. The soil then supports many different plants. Weathering is the process of the breaking down rocks. There are two different types of weathering: physical weathering and chemical weathering.

In ancient times, the Egyptians and Greeks defined certain substances based upon their taste. Both the Greeks and the Egyptians had discovered that one particular substance was very sour. This became to be known as vinegar, which was produced from the fermentation of fruits to produce wine. Therefore, a new categorization of substances was developed that included all things that were sour. The Greeks were also familiar with a different category of substances. They found three slippery substances left behind as residue after burning certain materials. These three substances were: potash, soda, and lime. Potash, which must have been the first to be discovered, was produced from wood ashes. When some waters were produced and allowed to evaporate, the film left behind was soda. Lime was produced from burning seashells. Ultimately, the Greeks discovered a new category to define substa Scholarships for High School Juniors nces based upon the property of feeling slippery. In 1386, to build on the Greek?s definition of sour or slippery, a new terminology was developed to speak about things that felt slippery. From the Arabic word al-qaliy, which means ?the ashes?, the term alkaline was developed. This word was then used to speak about things that felt slippery. During the middle ages, the advancement towards defining sour and slippery substances was slow. European trading with China led to the introduction of the highly valued clothing good, silk. During the 16th century in France, fabric dyers found that when particular chemicals were added to the dying agent, the colors became more vibrant and even changed colors. Deeper and richer colors could be produced by adding these chemicals to the dying vats. The dyers noticed that when one chemical was added to the vat, it turned the dye a red color.